A Small Theory of the Visible Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

A Small Theory of the Visible - Essay ExampleReality, and not just the wilderness, is something that lies outside(a) of what is practical, and chamberpot only be properly appreciated from a kind of receptivity that the cunningists perspective can capture. There are profound insights to be had from taking this view (Williams Berger). Williams in a way hopes to swan the wilderness as conceptual art, as living art, or as performance art, at some(prenominal) rate a form of art. This is not an empty exercise in highfalutin aesthetics, or an prove to cultivate an elevated mind. This is not empty intellectualizing, but something rooted in the way the wilderness and its deliver can be made much immediate. This is not to say that framing the wilderness as art is something that has some outward economic, financial, or utilitarian function, to improve humanity. This is not it at all. In the mind of Williams this has more to do with the proper framing of the wilderness in terms of a pers pective that in a way restores its sanctity, its religious essence. Art is something that has no defined use in society, and it has the ability to jolt and to jounce people into paying attention, away from their smart phones, their computers, their mundane interests, their conversations, and the business of life. Why shouldnt the wilderness be enclose in the same way? There is something ultimately mysterious and indefinable about the wilderness, something that cannot be meek and cannot be domesticated and caged in aquariums, or in natural history museums. There is something ultimately mysterious.

Introduced or invasive species Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Introduced or invasive species - Lab Report illustrationWith the introduction of globalization, efforts are on the way to introduce various plants and animals to other locations. Some of the species enhance the biodiversity of the impudent habitat while others require human involvement and care for their proliferation. The introduced species creates disturbance as it is potentially eliminating biomass from a specific community (Hughes, 2010 Invasive Plants-- A Horticultural Perspective).The problem occurs when the invasive species ingrains the agriculture, forest and also the work and predators of the ecosystem. Reports state that 2/3rd of 40 North American fresh water extinct fishes in a century, were due to the invasive species. Thus invasive species are creating troubles for the native species in a change manner- they not only affect the space, but also create competition for the food and therefore affect the food chain and food web, thereby affecting the ecosystem. They may act as predators for the native species, procreate with the native species and generate hybrids. In such case rare species of the native environment are fair endangered. Some of the US invasions encompass-Enhanced trade has made an invasion of Asian longhorn beetle from chinaware to US (1996). It came to US in a wood packing material. The beetle is known to nourish on the hardwood trees and also on sugar maple thereby creating serious menace to the US forest (Invasive species.).Threats imposed by invasive species are becoming a serious issue across the world. They are affecting the vivid ecosystem to a greater extent. Keeping this in view, President Clinton endorsed an Executive Order 13112 in the year 1999 to foresee the initiation of invasive species to prevent the ecosystem. It is the need of time to detect the introduction of the species as early as possible and measures should be taken to eradicate the species before it proliferates to the alarming levels.

Cultural Issues in International Organizations Essay

Cultural Issues in International Organizations - Essay ExampleThe paper tells that globalization is taken to mean internationalistization. It has led to instantaneity, where things happening in a given location, in the world, screw be go through all over at the same time. This has been made possible through breakthrough in technology and the removal of restrictions that bar associations between different countries. Globalization led to easy swop of ideas, knowledge, goods and work. It has made investments, exchange of money and merchandise possible across borders. This process has led into an open world economy. According to Ray, globalization is that which increase the extent of economic activity, international firm cooperation and easy and quick information flow. The current assembly line organization have certain characteristics in common, to start with, there is renewing in international organizations. This diversity is both inside and outside the organizations. Interna lly managers must respond to diversity in the HR pool, oft difference in management system, diversity in means and ends including financial objectives to, advanced broad view, and adoption of a variety of models for a variety of business units. Externally the organization, there are diverse customer needs myriads cultural values an excess of stakeholders different political, economic and legal provisions and different competitors schemes. another(prenominal) nature of the current global organization is interdependence. There is a web of interdependence in finance, governance, management, add of goods and services, security, communication and transportation. Interdependence accelerates globalization, but it has many challenges associated with it, a break in the chain of flow can be devastating (Amann et al. 2007, p.5). There is the element of ambiguity in the business world today. There is a large amount of information with little clarification, making digestion and execution of appropriate action a challenge. For example, there is a range of accounting standards making monetary figure vague. Research is becoming unreliable collect to the uprising of uncertainty. In addition, there is the issue of flux. The global companies are faced with unexpected changes. The more international the organization is the more prone it is to change. Managers should take precautions in order to avoid negative effects of change. close to cultural practices have an impact on communication this has made international collaboration herculean. Exchange of knowledge, skills, goods and services between organizations across borders is possible if, they are simple, to the point, independent and involve similar cultural contexts. In contrast, it is difficult to share such knowledge

Terminal Objectives Program Philosophy in Managed Care Essay

Terminal Objectives Program Philosophy in Managed apprehension - Essay ExampleGeorge Halvorson and George Isham, MD wrote an interesting piece describing this imperative need for managed billing. Mr. Halvorson, to his credit, has two basic step worthy of following, which will help what is now seen as an ailing health reverence system. Those two travel are creating overall care flow charts assigning accountability for each step in the care process and also devising a system supporting improved medical care in relation to each step in this process. The fact that managing health care has to keep pace with the changes in health care itself must be addressed. This must be addressed in the fact that in order to manage health care risks we must have a link between positive improvement for care and payment for that care.The work managed in the courses pursued would bring a realization that is reverberate in the writings of Halvorson and Isham in that one thing that must be done is th e re-engineering of health care systems. The reason, integration, a method that integrates all the elements of health care into a manageable formula must be considered in order to be of benefit to health care and to the patients which it serves. Todays system hampers the most effective methods of health care delivery at all levels.

Final Research paper Ryves Youth Center Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Final Ryves Youth center on - Research Paper Exampleought by family members, peers, and fond circumstances on a regular basis such as substance abuse, violence, or constitutional poverty (Miller 10) are faced with complex issues that pose hardships in their life. These problems are largely felt by the family members, relatives and the society. In order to help these at risk young, many youth centers occupy been complete in the United States. Among these centers is Ryves Youth Center which offers services to children described as at risk, who have experienced physical and sexual abuse, illiteracy, and substance abuse among others.Since its establishment in 1982, Ryves Youth Center has been in the front line to offer guidance and assistance to these young Americans. Most of the children who go to Ryves Youth Center can be categorized as at risk youth as they come from exclusive parent homes, from a poor background and with no one to turn to. For this category of children, Ryves mansion tax return cares of them. Most of these students enter Ryves hall with low esteem, lack of education, hunger, and obviously face unemployment. Some of the activities offered by Ryves hall include basketball, volleyball among other recreation activities. Therefore, it can be argued that Ryves hall is part of the change craved to change the lives of these young Americans.In corroboration with Ryves Youth Center, is the Ryves Community Optimistic society. The club was established in 2011. Its mission is to assist the youths of the Ryves region by supporting Ryves Youth Center. Ryves Youth Center accepts children from all backgrounds heedless of their social, religion or economic status. According to Ryves Community Optimist Club, approximately 95% of the youth who go to Ryves youth center live below the poverty line and the majority of them are homeless (Para 4). Ryves Community Optimist Club attempts to provide help to the youth center in order to assist them realize their d reams and meet their needs. This includes facilitating

Innovative Organisations Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Innovative Organisations - Research Paper prototypeEarly computer-aided physique (CAD) applications were direct replacements for manual drafting activities in the design process. Computing resources were derived from mainframes. There was light summation in initial drawing production efficiency, but drawing quality and clarity were greatly improved (Golish et al. 2003). The introduction of the remote workstation provided a technology platform to advance the CAE design process.Architect-engineering design service are project driven businesses. The typical project is a custom designed facility to gratify the specific requirements of a single node. Revenue is generated on a project-by-project basis (Kerzner 2002). It is estimated that over 35,000 firms are providers of A-E design services (Golish et al. 2003). Increased use of CAE technology will alter key financial measures used in the industry. Fig. 1 shows projected trends in TLM as CAE technology use increases (Schriener 1996) . Productivity will increase and one shot time will decrease. Direct hours to produce projects will decrease and overhead costs will increase while overall design cost will decline. This cost allocation trend is consistent with that experience in the manufacturing sector as computer-aided engineering and production methods evolved (Noori 2001).The objective of A-E design services is to interpret customer requirements for facilities and infrastructure, including performance expectations, cost, and schedule.

US Post Cold War Interventionism Foreign Policy Essay

US Post Cold War Interventionism Foreign Policy - Essay ExampleThere is strong and thinkable argument that the United States extraneous policy has encouraged widespread destabilization crossways the world, proliferation of weapons of mass last and terrorism. The use of the United States military should be restricted to situations where the countrys regional integrity, liberty, or sovereignty is under threat. President George Washington, the founding father of the United States, established the countrys first remote policy that forbids the new republic to engage in political and power struggles in other countries across the globe. During his farewell speech in 1796, the president give tongue to that the great rule of conduct for the United States unlike policy is extending the countries commercial relations, with minimal political involvement as possible (Gordon and Shapiro, 2004, p52). The president further stated that it was in the United States foreign policy to avoid unnec essary permanent alliances with any region across the globe (Dean 1999). Since that speech, the United States has been involved into numerous conflicts across all the six continents in the world. The main object of the United States involvement in the Cold War was to deter expansion of collectivism across the world. fit to Bleschloss and Talbot (1993), the progress of the Soviet Red Army in the Second World War established the Soviet Union as the most dominant power in European continent. The Red Army freed east Europe from an unwarranted Nazi aggression which had claimed millions of lives in the continent. Blum (2003) noted that the Soviet Union had suffered the heaviest casualties, totalling over 20 million and the new government under President Josef Stalin was determined to prevent western style res publica to become entrenched in the European continent. From these developments, Winston Churchill, then English prime minister, warned of the descent of iron chimneypiece in E urope (Cohen, 1993). This marked the beginning of the United States intervention in the region, driven by concerns round the prospect of communist rule in both Eastern and Western Europe. The opposing views pertaining to the political time to come of the European continent created conflict between the Soviet Union and the United States referred as the Cold War. The tightness threatened outbreak of the Third World War as both countries engaged in commodious military mobilizations and development of weapons of mass destruction. The competition for developing military weapons and desire to contain the Soviet make for caused a major shift in the United States foreign policy which became more inclined to aggression. correspond to Cameron (2005, p. 62), the United States committed itself to pursuing a patient but firm, long-term policy for containing and eventually destroying the communism by indentifying and revealing major social and economic weaknesses associated with the ideology . The resulting ideological war took over tetrad decades, causing heavy economic losses to the American economy. Through Truman Doctrine, the United States made its first foreign intervention during peacetime. The country spent millions of dollars to support countries in Europe that were under threat of falling into Soviet influence. These included Turkey and Greece in which the American government invested over

SWOT Environmental Scanning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

SWOT Environmental Scanning - Essay ExampleThis is the most decisive factor within the company that affects the running of employees. Employees work best and freely under good management. elbow grease shortage or when the labor market is tight, it generally refers to limited availability of workers with the needed qualifications. Therefore, the selection system begins with the passive candidates who are actively seeking work. The combination of the passive candidates recruiting and accepting application from active farm out seekers increases the pool of application from which the company can select.Industry competition In a competitive period, the labor tend to offer the best pay, generous benefit and guaranteed opportunities for professional development to win the best capability employees. Other industry that cannot pay more or cannot match t tangible rewards and benefits than the competitors offers focuses on the companys

Analysis of Music and Lyrics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Analysis of Music and Lyrics - hear ExampleThis song begins with the background of Joy, laughter and merry making on the occasion of florists chrysanthemum Jinnys Jubilee or her 2nd year of being an Octogenarian, i.e. 82 years of age. Then they realise that Mammy Jinny is twist 82 and they are very cheerful to know that. As it turns out to be in the ulterior poetises of the song, it becomes a day of celebration, with people coming over with gifts to greet Mammy Jinny and wish her a happy birthday. The tattleer weightlifts the audience, i.e. the other members around him to sing and dance because This is Mammy Jinnys Day. He is savage and in high spirits asking the girls to hurry up and come along to see the mellisonant birthday stripe that took nearly ten people to bake. The other singer says to count the candles and see if in that location are only eighty two. He also asks how he would like to have a cake like that baked for him someday. Then the most interesting part beg ins where the singer narrates that every time the buzzer rings, theres some guest or fountainhead wisher who is waiting with gifts and presents for Mammy Jinny. From the second verse onwards the musical narrative transits into the finer aspects and deeper details of the celebrations. The brand new red bandana that Mammy Jinny is wearing is looking bright and pretty just like Mammy Jinny who seems to be in an intoxicate state. She stood all the while near the door with a smile on her face as the guests and well wishers kept pouring in. Despite being so aged, she still had the energy and spirit of a young woman and greeted everyone with a smile. The narrator is enthusiastic and asks if the people care for some music and dance, then they should pitch their glad rags and come along. The song is on a high note towards the end with an urge and a temperament to sing and dance with music. History The song Mammy Jinnys Jubilee was written around a century ago in 1913 by Lewis F. Muir (m usic) and L. Wolfe Gilbert (words). This song was written and recorded in 1913, and was a song characteristic and contemporary of its time. few other recordings of its time are as follows The tintinnabulation Played On by Dan W. Quinn, After the Ball is over by George J. Gaskin, Paddle your Own boat by Arthur Collins and Bryon G. Harlan. The song like most others by Collins and Harlan Duo represents the African American thought and lifestyle. Similar to our chosen song of Mammy Jinnys Jubilee, the songs portray the day to day events and emotions of a particular community they depict tastes and perceptions of different occasions and the way they are celebrated by the African American people. As can be seen from the sheer mirth and joy reflected through the composition and lyrical verses of the song, it shows the importance, love and affection that are showered on the elderly members of the community. A feeling of brotherhood and sharing of commonplace joy is seen through enthusia stic participation of the community members in Mammy Jinnys eighty-second birthday. They all sing together and bring gifts for Mammy Jinny, and talk about how merrily she greets the guests each time every year, by standing at the door with a smile on her face and a rare sprightly burst of youthful spirit even at such an age. Relationships to other music of the time Some of the other compositions by Lewis Muir and L. Wolfe Gilb

Psychic Bisexuality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Psychic Bisexuality - Essay physical exertionHe insisted that nothing about sex could be understood without taking an account of universal androgyny of human beings (1950 179). Psychoneuroses analysis gave him the confirmation of the postulated existence of an innate bisexual disposition in man (1908 165-166). For Freud the pattern of bisexuality embarrasses all our enquiries into the subject and makes them harder to describe (1940a 188). The concept of bisexuality by Freud were based on the spirit that all human beings argon capable of making a homosexual object-choice (Freud, 1905,)fn p. 56), Bisexuality is a calamity (Smith) in many cases due to varies reasons. Biological sources gave birth to Freuds theory of bisexuality. Freud explains the boys wish to be with father as mother during oedipal complex and the untimely sense of phallic activity during pre-oedipal stage, which is a part of their biological disposition.The canonical of psychoanalysis is masochism, refined by F reud. He introduced three kinds of masochism, and feminine masochism, an expression of the feminine being record (p. 161) is required here. It is when an individual inflicts and receives pain during sex and situations like, being castrated, or copulated with, or giving birth to a baby (p. 162) be crucial to masochism. Womens beating fantasies also urged Freud to produce the theory of feminine masochism. Freud was very conglomerate when it came to gender discussions. He also linked this theory with passivity and called it a biological fact. He act that, Passivity is not a whole of masochism. But it is a major part of it. Men are considered active and passivity is a womens thing. He initiated feminine and moral factors as secondary masochism. Basically what I gather from his thinking is that passivity is owned by women and that is why her capability of masochism gives her the power to love altruistically as a women and mother. He also considered it as a part of the sexual pleasure which is intense. fit in to Freud a crucial point he insisted on is that mutation during development may also consequence in masochism.What is feminine adulthood and why is it more complicated then masculine maturity mistakable yet so different tasks are taken by boys and girls on the itinerary to maturity. This path to maturity constitute of the pre-oedipal, oedipal and post oedipal period. Freud said that variations in the chronological order and in the linking up of these pre to post oedipal events are bound to have a very important bearing on the development of the individual. (Freud 1931 p.79). Freud clarifies the pore of Psychoanalysis in his essay feminity by Freud, sets about inquiring how she comes into being, how a woman develops out of a child with a bisexual disposition. And he further says, Undoubtedly, the material is different to start with in boys and girls the dispute in the structure of the genitals is accompanied by other bodily differences. Freud insisted that the sexual development of a girl into a woman is far more complicated than that of a boy. And it includes two extra tasks to which at that place is nothing corresponding in the development of a man. He explains, she must find a way to give up

To what extent does the Wal-Mart motivation mode inspire employees Essay

To what extent does the Wal-Mart motivation mode inspire employees - Essay Examplethe culture of business in the modern society requires that high consideration be given to motivation, which must be directed to the individuals that are responsible for the business decision making. In order to provide a enlighten framework for the scholars interested in this area of study, we will need to discuss the major forms of motivations as suggested by earlier researchers and outline clearly how they influence the growth of business. We will also see how they affect the employees in a diverse way. In addition, we will make suggestions of more forms of motivation that are not cover in this area of study. Apart from merely stating the major reasons for the exploration of these forms of motivation, we will identify the major weaknesses that keep back lead to the limitation of the power of prediction by the previously conducted researches on the same topic. This is rooted from the primary princ iple of continuity as should be exhibited by research. We therefore offer explicit outcomes for any proximo research adoption to clear the industry

The Importance of Being Earnest Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Importance of Being near - Essay ExampleOne of his most celebrated hunt downs titled The Importance of Being Earnest is the play chosen to be discussed in this essay. Thesis and hock There is a funny side to life that brings out the child in each iodin of us and what better way to do this than with the use of satire? Playwright Oscar Wilde, in his scintillating masterpiece, shows bid in making use of satire to shed light on mincing values by weaving the paradoxes in a most hilarious way. The play titled The Importance of Being Earnest is packed with wit and humor while portraying mistaken identities to enthrall his audiences who can easily see with its characters, while relating to such incidents in their day to day lives. Considered to be Oscar Wildes most perfect function The Importance of Being Earnest is a play wherein the witty comedy of manners has been brilliantly plot from its opening effervescent act to its hilarious denouement. In this play, the late Victorian values are hilariously presented and comically critiqued by the playwright. This play is regarded as a masterpiece in the genre of comedy. It is a cause of the mastery that Wilde had in so far as satire is concerned. The play is filled with parallelism, paradoxes, and understatements. In handing over his comments on Victorian society Wilde states London society is full of women of the very highest birth who have, of their own still choice, remained thirty-five for years. (Oscar Wilde, Act 3) Some of English literatures most famous epigrams can be found in this play. In fact, the play is a celebration of the language itself. However, there is a rejection of secure discourse and the device of the epigram is used as a potent tool to entertain the reader. The play deals with mistaken identities and even after a century, it continues to enthrall audiences the world over. The brilliance of his wit and humor have the appearance _or_ semblance current even after a passage of a hundred years and his writing seems coniferous even in these contemporary times. Wilde deals with the institution of marriage and class that are deftly subverted through the pretext of farce. Greed and hypocrisy lurking under Victorian politeness are exposed in the play. The moral putrefaction that is portrayed is well illustrated by each of the aristocrats in the play. Even though they seemingly obey propriety, Jack, Algernon, Gwendolen, Cecily and brothel keeper Bracknell, all deceive and lie to do so. Wilde reveals the undercurrent of politics involved in a Victorian marriage. This point is clearly evident in the betrothals of Jack with Gwendolen and Algernon with Cecily which are accepted only after their kindly standing and fortunes are openly revealed. However, When Lady Bracknell found that her daughter Gwendolen wished to marry a person who was non a blue blood, she was loath to accept the union of the couple. In Victorian society, it was politics that was considered more con sequential than love because it was politics alone that drove the marriage market. The playwright has elevated to a high fraud in the form of a pun. The wordplay on eager pervades throughout the play. The meaning of the word earnest in the context of this play is toyed with and played upon as we witness the same as the plot evolves. The basal theme of the plot revolves around the efforts of Jack and Algernon to be earnest by deceiving and lying.

National Impacts on Investment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

National Impacts on Investment - Essay ExampleThe amount of global trade has been rising during the past decades. China has flex the top exporter of goods domain of a functionwide. The United States is the second largest exporter and the top importer of goods (Latimes, 2011). The U.S. has become a knowledge based economy in which the service assiduity accounts for 80% of the employment. A positive sign is that the United States has capitalized on its service industry to become to top exporter of services worldwide. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the impact of international coronation decisions. in that location are many tough decisions that multinational companies must make prior to penetrating a orthogonal location. Companies have to study the culture, economy, environsal and social landscape of a country. Take for example the hamburger range Burger King. The company should beware before investing in India due to the fact the cow is considered a pious animal in th is country. A traditional Burger King franchise that sells broiled beef hamburgers is bound to snuff it in such a marketplace. Americans companies should beware before investing in the Middle East due to the resentment in that section towards American culture. The area is also a major security seek since the region is a safe haven for multiple terrorist organizations. The economic condition of a region order whether a company invests there or not. A country that would be a bad investment location for any American company is Zimbabwe. Zimbabwe is suffering from one of the worst cases of hyperinflation ever seen and the country has the highest unemployment sum up in the world at 95%. Investing in such a country that is going away through social and economic chaos is not a wise idea. The Sub-Saharan African region unfortunately is also a bad place to invest due to a lack of prefatory water, transportation and electrical infrastructure. People in Africa use 85% less water than Ame ricans due to a lack of availability of the precious liquid. A country that has one of the fastest growing economies in the world is the Peoples Republic of China. China has a growing middle class that is anxious to go on money in consumer goods to improve their quality of life. China is the most densely populated country in the world is a population of 1.33 billion inhabitants. The gross domestic product per capita of China reached $7,600 in 2010 (CultureGrams, 2011). The slew of China are becoming more liberal and more eager to spend money in comparison with the past. A variable that impact the investment decisions of multinational corporations is the stability of the currency in the manoeuvre countries. The currencies of the world are traded everyday in the foreign exchange markets. The grade of the U.S. dollar fluctuates in value in comparison with other currencies. Multinational corporations must choose to locate in countries that have persistent currencies. For instance t he Dominican Peso has historically depreciated a lot in value. On the other elapse the Sterling Pound used in the United Kingdom has a history of holding its value. The environment is another factor to consider when making investment decisions. It is not wise to invest in a country that has a high propensity for natural disasters. The environmental laws are another variable to consider. Companies should throw a presence in countries that have environmental laws to protect the earths natural resources. sometimes unscrupulous CEOs look for countries with lax environmental laws

Biography On William Z. Foster Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Biography On William Z. Foster - Essay Exampleranted him an audience, this single-valued function however fizzled down in 1950 as a leader of a sectarian, highly demoralized and decimated American Communist Party that had a very weak connection with the working class. The livelihood of William Zoster is wherefore a tragedy, not only a personal tragedy in the diminishing importance that was accorded to his views scarce also an American tragedy in that Fosters commitment to the working class deviated during his life towards the embracing of power and the elitist transaction in Communism.(Barrett, 1999)William Z Foster, the son of a poor Irish immigrant forefather and a Catholic mother, was born in 1881 in Taunton, Massachusetts. Foster began as a regular thespian at the new-fangled age of ten and by the time his twenties were over, he had been a alloy workers, worked in a foundry and in fertilizer plants, had driven a streetcar and had also held a variety of railroad jobs, shi pping out to various countries like Australia, England, South Africa and Chile.(Freeman, 1995). When he was a young man, he joined the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) and was the leader of a very successful organizing drive in the Chicago stockyards in the signing up of immigrant, unskilled workers. This was later expanded on a discipline scale and culminated in the 1919 steel strike. He secretly joined the Communist Party, however as a result of the growing sectarianism within the Party and conservatism of the union movement, he began to feel increasingly isolated. According to Johanningsmeier, Fosters physical and political powers were diminished..when his dream of a powerful movement for industrial unionism arising from within the AFL was reaching fruition. (Johanningsmeier 276).After a trip to Europe, Foster became convinced that an derangement of capitalism could be achieved by a strong and militant minority working within the progressive trade unions. According to Bar rett (1999), Fosters radical beliefs during his youth became informed by

Will the Z generation be the laziest generation yet because of smart Research Paper

Will the Z generation be the laziest generation soon enough because of smart technology - Research Paper ExampleThis generation heavily relies on the social media to socialise and communicate to their friends. The generation is believed to have brilliant minds in regard to using the internet in set virtually solution to various problems affecting their lives. Youths have the common need of a future worth biography (Weber and Greenberg 6) For instance, if they have a complication in regard to health, they just go to the internet to find answers (Sladek 18).It has been argued that generation Z has little secret in their lives especially when dealing with social media. They are willing to key out and discuss any information with friends and strangers in their social media platforms. Hutchby and Moran-Ellis (1) argued that the increase interplay between children and technologies poses critical questions for how we can go steady the nature of childhood in ate modern society. For in stance, this generation does not care about sharing their private life especially on their intimate life. They like constantly being on mobile phones texting and on social media chatting and updating status (Weber and Greenberg 26).This generation is disadvantaged because they do not undertake on their class work since most of the time they are online chatting and updating their status. Most U.S teenagers participate in online social network sites at the expense of other activities (Bers 7). With the use technology, the generation does not mostly depose on class work since they can easily get any information they want from the internet. This is what has contributed to the termination of plagiarism. They just copy the work of other people that has been placed on internet and present it as their own. In another dimension, the generation does not want to struggle much researching on what they are disposed(p) by their teachers. They like concentrating on results they get from the int ernet (Gudith 110)It has also been found that most of the people in

Political Parties in the New Era Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Political Parties in the New Era - Essay Example m either another(prenominal) studies have shown that the Political Parties of today have changed significantly in the past few decades, both in industrialized countries and in the developing nations (third world countries). The changes have inadvertently resulted in the weakening of connections between citizens and the state, however, in that respect remains widespread consensus that semipolitical parties argon essential elements in democratic societies.A statement make 50 years ago by E.E. Schattschneider was that, Political parties created democracy and that modern democracy is unthinkable neverthe little in terms of parties. As a matter of fact, the condition of parties is the best evidence of the nature of any regime. The most important distinction between democracy and dictatorship can be made in terms of party politics. The parties are not on that pointforeRecently, Alan Ware viewed political parties as pervasive elements in contemporary societies facial expression that, In contemporary states it is difficult to imagine there being politics without political parties. Indeed, in only two kinds of states today are parties absent. First, there are a few small, tralatitious societies, especially in the Persian Gulf, that are still ruled by the families who were dominant in the surface area they control long before the outside world recognized them as independent states. Then there are those regimes in which parties and party activities have been banned these regimes are run either by the soldiery or by authoritarian rulers who have the support of the military.2In consonance thereto, here are some prevailing views made by some of the participants in a conference convened by the matter Endowment for Democracys International Forum for Democratic Studies where in attendance were many of the worlds leading political parties scholars and practitioners held in Washington DC to Address the Current and Future P rospects of Political Parties.One of the prevailing views made as articulated by Juan Linz stating that, Today, in all countries of the world, there is no alternative to political parties in the physical composition of democracy. No form of nonparty representation that has been advocated has ever produced a democratic government. Thus we are faced with a world of democracies based on parties.However, there were conflicting views made in the same forum to the center that political parties are necessary for democratic development. Phillipe Schmitter on his part provided the most critical statement saying that, Political parties are not what they used to be. They no longer structure electoral choices as clearly and decisively, command citizen attachments as passionately, form distinctiveness,or aggregate interests as widely and explicitly as they at one time did. Clearly, political parties everywhere,both in the industrialized countries and in the developing world, are becoming le ss and less able toSerapio 3perform these core functions. In short, they are no longer indispensable for the integration and perpetuation of democracy.In view of the foregoing facts let us now analyze

Saving Private Ryan by Steven Spielberg Essay Example for Free

Saving hush-hush Ryan by Steven Spielberg EssayWrite a newspaper film re pot analysing how Steven Spielberg makes the cinema audience regard the put out of others. In the Omaha Beach season at the beginning of Saving Private Ryan.Saving Private Ryan pour forthTom Hanks, Tom Sizeto a greater extent, Matt Damon, Edward Burns, Jeremy Davies, Vin Diesel, Adam Golberg, Barry Pepper and Giovanni Rabisi.Director Steven Spielberg.Producers Ian Bryce , Mark Gordon, Gary Levinsohn.Screenplay Robert Rodat.Cinematography Janusz Kaminski.Music potty Williams.U.S Distributor DreamWorks SKG/Paramount Pictures.Viewer Rating 15.Internationally acclaimed 1940s war epic Saving Private Ryan directed by Steven Spielberg, this outstanding box office hit picked up five academy awards for- opera hat Director.Cinematography.Film Editing.Sound and Sound Effects editing.Best Picture This award top grossing Ameri tail assembly perfor military mance Picture of 1998.Saving Private Ryan opens with a cinematic battle that is, without a doubt, one of the finest, most graphical and realistic half-hours committed to film.This chronological sequence, a soldiers eye view of the D-Day invasion of Normandy, is brilliant, not solo in the rowlockal injury of technique but in the depth of viewer reactions it generates, such films as Platoon, and the Apocalypse dont come cultivation to the immense scenery Spielberg has portrayed. It is certainly the most violent, gory and realistic depiction of war that I convey ever witnessed, the levels of pain put across with splitting salutarys and visuals on screen.Spielberg sp atomic number 18s the viewer nothing of the horrors of battle, using implausible images to display the utter chaos and senselessness that any soldier will encounter in an contest with the enemy.Spielberg presents us with graphic scenes of Omaha Beach, the sequence is random, unstructured and subject to sheer chaos made all the much personnelive to the emotion on scr een.Spielbergs portrayal of war on photographic television camera is outstanding, Spielberg also uses other methods to ravish his sense of war, hand held cameras, a slight speeding up of images and also slowing up of images to certify complete bewilderment the soldiers have to go finished with(predicate) in the heat of battle. Also muted sound is used as to show when a shell or grenade has exploded close by and a soldier has lost their hearing.The soundtrack at the start of the sequence when soldiers argon exiting the landing craft is like you are falling underwater system and with a blurred sense of vision and hearing. master key stern milling machine (Tom Hanks) goes by means of a sequence of shell shock where he is witnessing his fellow countrymen die around him, not only death in a clean and typical country and western fashion, but horrific, Spielberg shows the sheer mho and shocking way that someone can die in the heat of battleThe hand held effect used by Spielberg is used to give you the perspective of what a solider is spirit at in the pandemonium of battle, bullets piercing everywhere, decapitation and death surrounding everything, truly shocking images macrocosm displayed, it doesnt bare thinking closely to actually experience being picked off like sitting ducks on a pond, no where to go, no where to hide, knowing that the only way you can survive is to advance towards the enemyIn the opening sequence we see an American Amphibious landing vehicle approach Omaha Beach, as soon as the door drops on the front of the vessel facing the enemy the scene explodes into intense rapid machine poor boy fire.Nine out of ten instantly get pierced-feared dead. This shot has been used wit the German cannoneer out of view, showing a dark figure with no emotion and no care in the world, which is what the worlds prospective was of the national socialists at this time of sorrow. The camera effect fades right as the gun in the view aims in the direction of a vessel, giving the effect that it is in fact the aim of a Nazi soldiers eyes.The camera quickly switches to a shot stilt in the water at the beach where a soldier has been set foot into the water at waist height. As the soldier struggles through the water he sinks under, the soundtrack changes at this point to men shouting and the sound of gunfire, as the soldier is oblivious and concentrating on making it out of the water alive, he is shot through the chest and falls motionless into the water, the camera is shaking at the shells smashing into the beach whilst the camera is on a soldiers eye view, like the solider is witnessing his comrades die. It alone makes you think an awful lot more or less the daunting task that the army had to embark upon that day.The first rattling graphic moving image Spielberg introduces to us in is near the start of the sequence, he doesnt hold mainstay the gory images at all, the audience witnesss the pain of others but showing for example a sold ier paseo up the beach with a determined look on his face, when he abruptly shelled and is left leg is decapitate to the hip, he hits the floor feared dead with bright red blood spurting out onto the grey-haired beach.Spielberg also shows the power of a shell by re-enacting a blast and chase it up with the soldier rather overreact to some peoples point of view, do a cart wheel in mid(prenominal) air, at that place is also a fellow dead solider lying beside him in this shot. The next shot is where Captain John Miller (Tom Hanks) is first introduced into the film and this is done by him crawling up the shell knock about beach, clenching his helmet, making his way to shelter behind an ALD (anti Landing Device) used by the Germans to prevent the amphibious vehicles getting up the beach.In my opinion, I think the introduction of Tom Hanks distracts the viewer from what genuinely is red ink on., there is a war going on, but this shot is when a plot begins to emerge. Carrying on the sequence it shows through Captain John Miller (Tom Hanks) eyes, view pointing on a squirming solider who is very young trying to except himself from enemy fire. This is showing human emotions and reality of war and what effect it can have on a person. This young soldier has given up on his objective, he is crying and trying to push another(prenominal) solider out of the way so he can get more cover from enemy fire, which gives the exposure of every man for himself.Again Captain John Miller (Tom Hanks) is shown in close up, his emotion is dazed. The soundtrack suddenly fades and sounds like he is underwater, gurgling sounds and sounds in the distance. This shot has been used to show how much of what you are looking upon can effect you. Captain John Miller (Tom Hanks) looks upon his fellow men dying around him, his face really shows how much he cares but also looking very unaware of where he is and what he is doing.The following scene (shot) is seen through Captain John Millers (Tom Hanks) eyes, he looks at a soldier approaching the high tier of the beach, with one solider with a flame thrower on his backward being followed by both other infantrymen. The flame pack gets pierced by a bullet and explodes, engulfing him and the other soldiers, this is where colour is decently introduced with the flames and Captain John Miller (Tom Hanks) windlessness dazed, the sound is like a brush of wind through trees. This shot gives the sense of how war can backfire on you, its ironic how this American soldier was going to use his unique weapon to kill the enemy but as a result it killed him in an horrific manor, showing countless ways that people can die in wartime.Moving back to Captain John Miller (Tom Hanks) looking through his eyes, he sees a man who has had his arm decapitated and is searching for his lost limb in confusion, after being re united with his mangled arm, he simply walks off down the beach. The scenery behind this injured soldier has been framed b ehind the Anti Landing Devices to keep the mood of battle and with soldiers crawling around underneath this soldier to show more authenticity and amazement at what the soldier is doing. Once over again showing randomness in war, with the man who simply has given up his objective. Still with no dialogue introduced yet.The following shot in this sequence brings you back to Captain John Miller (Tom Hanks) after reasonable seeing three men being engulfed in flames, a wash of blood sprays onto Captain John Millers (Tom Hanks) face and dribbles down, but he just closes his eyes, still dazed and a doesnt seem fazed by this, although looking surprised he is still without proper hearing. This is used to still represent confusion in war.Spielberg shows the machinery in wartime used in the D-Day landings, he represents them by a landing craft is on fire and American soldiers pouring out on fire. Landing craft called PA30-31 designed to drive up the beach, but unsuccessful and engulfed in fla mes. The soldiers arent bothered about getting shot, they are just worried about getting the flames off them by diving into the freeze cold water, running around like headless chickens, showing that not everything goes to plan in war, and again the randomness of it all.Also showing that you cant always die by the bullet. This shot is still looking through the captains eyes, the first scene with a crowd sense. The soundtrack at this moment is still with Captain John Millers (Toms Hanks) hearing disabled slightly and you hear the sound of flames and shouting. Showing the sense of uncertainty and danger the soldiers are in.The camera is used in a way that helps us to understand Millers confusion. One shot has the camera panning away from Millers eyes as his hearing slowly returns, to the sound of explosions and endless gunfire, illustrating that Captain John Miller (Tom Hanks) has suddenly become aware of what is around him and what he has to do to survive. Miller is seen putting his helmet on which is change with sea water stained red with blood, the camera follows this action closely as the blood runs down his face, again illustrating the stark reality of his situation. This is further emphasised by the introduction of the first real dialogue,What do we do now sir? Miller is slow to respond and the soldier shouts,I said what the hell do we do now sir?To say that the film starts with a BANG Is an understatement, Spielberg uses grotesque images of blood, gore, drowning, dismemberment and death to hold impact and then shows us by his clever use of camera angles and close ups shots, the mental and bodily pain that these men experienced.This ultimately leaves the viewer shell shocked and in complete empathy with those who experienced the D-Day landings on June 6th 1944.

New Social Movements Essay Example for Free

red-hot Social Movements EssayTo what extent do impudent social movements represent a challenge to naturalized ways of conducting liberal democratic policies?In order to understand the extent of the challenge posed by new social movements to liberal democratic policy and the ways in which they are conducted one essential first understand what these policies entail.These policies or principles are listed by Goodwin as1. Supremacy of the people.2. Consent of the governed as the footing of legitimacy.3. The rule of law peaceful methods of conflict resolution. 4. The existence of the common good or public interest,5. The foster of the individual as a rational moral active citizen.6. Equal rights for all individuals.1The modern twenty-four hours concept of a liberal democracy is based on the liberalist movement of the philosophers of the eighteenth century. However the coming of past social has resulted in challenges to the ways in which liberal democracy has been and is condu cted over the intervening age since that time the suffrage movement and the American civil rights movement against segregation are two such(prenominal) examples. These movements were successful because those in power allowed them to succeed (admittedly with some reluctance).More recently, that is over the past twenty to xxx years new social movements have grown up. These movements are campaigning on various issues including* anti globalisation the backlash against the increase in power of large corporations and the perceived lack of legislation limit their actions.* Extremist religious groups.* Environmental change the movement and groups pushing for greater respect for the planet in a global community.There are also many other groups which have grown up as a result of the mass movement of peoples. These groups campaign for greater minority rights, and more liberty to express cultural heritage.Heywood states additionally that these groups are a result of the post-modernist eraIf the major political ideologies were in their various ways, products of modernisation i.e. the labour movement of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the transition from a modern to a post modern society cannot but have profound significance for their the new movements roles and character post modernity has both thrown

Shoehorn Sonata Speech + Related Text Essay Example for Free

Shoehorn Sonata Speech + Related text EssayAt age 15, you argon thrown into a war, fighting for your life and your will to hold is slowly diminishing. Are you sc ard? Probably, but you know that if you show fear, everyone will see you as be weak. This is what the main protagonists of both the play, Shoe trumpet Sonata by John Mistro and the movie, hurt Games directed by Gary Ross endured. in concert with photographs, cinematic techniques and signisms, these texts represent the devastation of war, the bonds of friendship forged during a war and their respective will to survive. association is defined as a relationship between friends. In Shoe Horn Sonata, when Sheila and Bridie first meet, it seems incredible that they will ever be friends. They are complete polar opposites. Sheila cynical statement People invariably get on when theyre tossed in together. Id hardly call that friendship. , reinforces that Bridie and Sheila initially organise a friendship out of desperati on to survive, not because there was mutual affection for each other. caustic footprint is utilised to convey Shelias survival instincts are prioritised over tender friendship.Additionally the beginning rhyme of tossed in together reflects how people in war guard no choice of their companions, that it pushes them together in survival. Similarly in the Hunger Games , the friendships that Katniss makes with both Rue and are forged out of necessity and fatality rather than sentiment. Rue and Katniss team up as they both have valu fitted skills assets that the other would resembling to utilise to their advantage such as when Rue manages to take a weapon unnoticed apply the trees. In many ways, an alliance with Rue is an alliance to District 11 which Katniss can use to her benefit. slit and Katniss act as if they are lovers in a ploy for the audience as a content to survive as seen when Katniss receives a note from Haymitch asking You call that a kiss? . The sarcastic tone makes Katniss realise that the ploy will be futile as if Haymitch is doubtful then others will be too. Both texts show that although they may not have been friends in normal circumstances, war has pushed them together and this has attributed to them surviving. Symbols are also used in both texts to represent the protagonists hope and survival.For example, the shoehorn in Shoe Horn Sonata is first seen when the girls are in the water and Bridie uses it to wake Sheila up and prevent her from drowning. In this scene, it a metaphorical and representative an object of survival and the will to live. As the play goes on, the shoehorn symbolises family for Bridie and sacrifice for Sheila but in the end it unites the girls and demonstrates that not only did they survive the war, they survived the effects of the war as well. Caramel is another symbol of survival.It was the only luxury the girls had during the camp and it had to last till the end of the war. The caramel was even most-valuable enou gh that it was written into the girls wills. This conveys to the audience that the girls clung to the hope that they would eventually be released from the prison camp. On the other hand, in Hunger Games, the mockingbird pin was not only Katnisss link to her district, but a symbol of her love for her father as well as her survival. The pin is a way of a fauna with a spirit of her own.By breaking free of the Capitols control this show that the Capitol does not have complete control of the districts. Katniss, like the mockingjay, has escaped from the Capitols clutches which is why the pin symbolises her survival and spirit. The photographs shown during discourse in Shoe Horn Sonata support the dialogue and give the audience a visual representation of what the girls went through during the camp. In scene 7, you see visuals of what the prisoners looked like during the camp. They are emaciated, haggard and impoverish.The effects of the imprisonment of the sincere is clearly highlighte d during these photographs. The stark black and white photos depicting the harrowing effects of mistreatment of innocents evokes sympathy towards the prisoners from the viewer and abhorrence for their captors. In contrast, within the Hunger Games, the film is seen as whirs and jolts with sharply edited scenes intercutting from perspective to perspective which represents Katnisss inner turmoil and her agitation which accompanies those new changes.Her life is unpredictable and this is shown as the camera shakes around representing the fast changes in her life and well as extreme long shots used to give the audience a general impression of the places she goes. Little detail can be seen in these scenes which corresponds to the insignificance of these places to Katniss. The audience witnesses the consequences of these changes but to everyone else, they are unable to see this because of the defensive stoic mask she wears.In conclusion, the protagonists in Shoe Horn Sonata and the Hunger Games have survived horrors unimaginable to us and through distinctively visual techniques such as , photographs, cinematic techniques and symbols, we are able to grasp a small idea of what they have endured on their journey. Therefore, thus despite usual circumstances being the catalyst for friendship in times of war, strife and horror they are able to triumph over their circumstances because of the sustenance that this unexpected friendship provides them.

Domestic workers in America Essay Example for Free

Domestic buy the farmers in the States turn upIn the United States of the States a national worker is as come up as known as a servant and just about often they work and live within the household of their employers. The servants atomic number 18 genuinely distinguish up to(p) from the slaves and the serfs since they happen payments for the work they do for their employers. The home(prenominal) workers flip the vacatedom of leaving their employment at their free will. In the households which ar large thither argon very many interior(prenominal)atedated workers who do diverse kinds of jobs. In America a besidesler is seen as the most senior domestic worker and he performs duties such as managing the otherwise household servants as tumefy as great de exclusivelying the wines.In America the female domestic workers argon known as the maids. Their household chores range from ironing, cleaning, cooking, washing, Purchasing the household drinks and foods, comp assionate for the children, going together with the household head for the grocery shopping as well as pickings the family dogs for walks if there atomic number 18 any. In most instances the domestic workers in America substitute the nursing purpose of caring for the elderly people in different households as well as taking dish out of those who watch disabilities.(Anderson and Bowman 1993) The different domestic worker organizations in the United States of America The domestic workers totality 2000 The domestic workers union was founded in impudent York by more or less elderly c aregivers, housekeepers and few nannies from the Caribbean, Latin and the African countries. This organizations has a mission of empowering, complianceing, and excessively subjecting the domestic workers to fair poke touchstones in America especially in the New York City.This organization likewise aimed at helping in the building of a movement which would wind up the exploitation and as well the oppression of the domestic workers in America. The domestic workers union kick upstairs supports the domestic workers who mother suffered some violations and in addition debauch as well as violation of their rights in their work places. They as well as conduct some referrals, they make a provision for a direct support with the domestic workers employees and they at times organize some humanity support to the organizations members.The other domestic workers organizations in America aid in the valueion of the rights and the dignity of the American domestic workers. most of these organizations produce a contract which is standard for all the employers and the domestic workers including the employment agencies for the domestic workers. (Chow 1994) The domestic workers organizations in America offer some she-goat training programs, the computer literacy programs and also some leadership training programs.Other domestic workers organizations in America include the domestic w orkers homecare centre, the united domestic workers of America, the united domestic workers of San Diego, the united domestic workers of California and the theme alliance of domestic workers. How the domestic worker groups are trying to assist the domestic workers abide fo at a depressive disorderer place experiences in America These domestic worker groups break the isolation of the domestic workers who work in the domestic work industry in the United States of America.This is because without the domestic workers in America all the activities in the study cities would stop in their tracks. On the other hand since the domestic workers especially women are devalued in most of the work aspects these worker groups seek to further educate the public so that they can respect the domestic workers and the work which they do. By educating the public on respecting the domestic workers these groups tend to un hatch the racial and sexual practice inequalities which exist in the domestic w ork industry and the labor market.alike these domestic worker groups crusade for the recognition of the domestic workers in America as real and also skilled workers in the American population. On the other hand most of the domestic workers are excluded from most of the basic protections which are afforded to the workers in America and this is comprehensive of the national labor relations and other discrimination protections thus the domestic workers organizations in America work towards ensuring that such protections are enforced and that the functional conditions of the domestic workers ere non solely left hand at the whims if the employers.(Anderson and Bowman 1993) alike these organizations further seek to establish very fair and just standards which at a time recognize the domestic workforce as a real workforce with its own protections. In attachment to this these domestic organizations in the united stats of America are movements which win justice for all the domestic w orkers in America. (Nancy 1987) This is because they address the root causes of all the injustices as well as the exploitation which are face up by the domestic workers alone since all these issues take more than the domestic workers single-handedly.The struggles of the domestic workers in America are closely tied to the struggles of all the other American workers, the im migratorys, the migrants and also the oppressed communities. The domestic workers organizations connect with separately other as well as other organizations and they build a movement that is very right on in creating the change needed in the domestic workers workforce. (Chow 1994)The domestic worker groups are looking for ship canal to include the domestic workers as employees and this will further lead to better working conditions for the domestic workers and they could also be free to form the labor unions just as the other employees in the United States of America. Similarly these groups work towards achievin g government Acts which have fair labor standards which set the minimum and wage rates and they also address the issue of the maximum working hours for the domestic workers.Similarly these organizations check into that the domestic workers are non discriminated on the basis of their color, religion, age, nationality, sex, race as well as their disability. (Chow 1994) How the domestic workers are tough Some of the domestic workers in America receive very bad and poor treatment from their employers as well as the other household members. On the other hand some domestic workers are treated well by their host families. The domestic workers who receive bad treatment from their employers have their privacy invaded.They are also subjected to some sexual, emotional and physical abuses which in extreme fonts lead to severe injury or in time death. On the other hand the freedom of the domestic workers is restricted by the employees and this implies that they are at times treated as slave s who do not have a say on the decisions that are made pertaining their lives. Many of the domestic workers in America are also treated harshly by their employers as they have their personal documents confiscated especially the new immigrants such that they cannot willingly leave their employers.On the other hand the domestic workers have their working hours and also wages violated especially the live in domestic workers. The issues that the domestic workers have to deal with Most of the domestic workers in America work under very exploitive and harsh conditions and they have very many issues which they have to deal with. For instance the domestic workers are barred from organizing into unions collectively. It is however very important to note that the domestic workers form a very significant protrude of the American economy yet they are not protected by the labor laws of the federal state as the other employees are protected.In addition to this the domestic workers are faced with very unique barriers of organization since they have difficulties in doing negotiations with the employers as they each are in isolation in their employers households. (Nancy 1987) Most of the domestic workers stay for significant periods with the same employers in the same industry. They are a very stable workforce and they further endure various working conditions which further violate their rights as workers as well as human beings. The domestic workers deal with a fold of issues and they are inclusive of the following? Wages Statistics show that half of the domestic workers in America earn very low wages. Most of them make their wages below the minimum wages. On the other hand some of the domestic workers work overtime most of whom do not receive their overtime pays for the overtime hours in which they have worked. In America the domestic workers are the key providers in their families and some of them provide for their home countries but on the other hand they face very severe financial hardships as they work in the domestic labor force.? Abuse Similarly the American domestic workers experience a lot of abuse from their employers or even off the other household members. The abuse which comes from their employers could be inform of physical or even verbal abuse and this makes then feel very insecure and uncomfortable on the other hand some of the domestic workers who face various kinds of abuse identify their immigration stance and racism as the main factors which contribute to the actions of their employers. (Chow 1994)The domestic workers also experience some sexual abuse and harassments by their employers but since the employees revere their employers then they are reluctant to report such abuses to the public as well as the concerned authorities. Thus the domestic workers cannot gat any form of assistance from the humanitarian groups, the governmental agencies or even the non-governmental groups. ? Lack of health insurance Most of the domestic work ers in America do not receive the health insurance or health cover from their employers.Similarly in America most of the domestic worker cannot afford decent medical care which is necessary for themselves and also their other family members. On the other hand it is only less than half of the domestic workers who get basic benefits from their employers such as sick off and other regular pay rises. (Anderson and Bowman 1993) ? Stress Most of the domestic workers in America are faced with the issue of emphasis in the households where they work. The employers cause a lot of underline to the domestic workers by requiring them to do multiple jobs.Sometimes the employers also require them to perform duties which are not in their job descriptions in any demeanor. On the other hand some of the employers require their domestic workers to work for other people other than themselves. All such requirements cause a lot of stress to the domestic workers and this could even have adverse effects on their health conditions. The domestic workers experience a lot of labor exploitation and abuse than the other female workers in America and this mainly applies to the migrant domestic workers.Most of the domestic workers are isolated from their families, friends as well as the other employees. In some instances some domestic workers cannot effectively communicate with their employers and this has further led to physical or even verbal abuse. Some domestic workers are abused by their employers but they still remain for the fear that they could loose their jobs and thus they would not be able to support their families. In some extreme case the domestic workers have been severely injured and they have also been killed b their employers. (Chow 1994)Since the domestic workers have their modified choices made by their employers, the employers set the employments terms and conditions regarding their accommodations, pay, meals, contacts, off days and also their mode of payments. The emp loyers tend to verify the lives of the domestic workers in most of the aspects. Most of the domestic workers have irregular and very long working hours and they also have some irregular and low payments for their salaries. The domestic workers in America also receive accommodation and meals which are below the standards since this is determined by their employers.Some employers withhold the pay of the domestic workers and they at times fail to pay them as agreed. The domestic workers are also faced with the issue of inadequacy of communication and movement. The employers put some restrictions which limit the domestic workers and they isolated from the outside world. Most of the domestic workers are not allowed to leave the employers houses as well as meet with other people and they are also restricted from inviting friends into their houses.Another major concern for the domestic workers in America especially the immigrants are their pigheadedness of the legal identification docum ents. Some of the employers confiscate the documents which belong to the domestic workers thus they are not able to register or even acquire a work permit. (Chow 1994) The measures which are being taken to purify these seats In order to restore the berths which are faced by the domestic workers the following measures have been taken. 1. execution of the domestic workers elevation of rights.This bill was amended so that it could address various issues concerning the domestic workers in America. The issues which are addressed in this bill of rights included the exclusion of the domestic workers from the most basic labor protections and it also provides a further recognition for the domestic workers workforce as real workforce. Similarly in the bill of rights there was an establishment of specified protections which addressed the vulnerability and the isolation of the domestic workers to the mistreatment and also abuse from their employers. 2. instigation of the domestic workers policies which further prevent the recruitment fees which are exorbitant for the domestic workers as well as the debt payment systems which are very exploitive for the domestic workers in the United States of America. Such policies also cover the issue of trafficking domestic workers to the United States of America. 3. In rectifying these concomitants the domestic work is included as a founder of the formal sector of employment. This will make it more recognizable and the domestic labor will to the full be protected under the labor laws.4. There is an establishment of employment contracts which are standard for all the domestic workers in America. This helps in the protection of the domestic workers rights and responsibilities. The contract also includes a definition of the employees responsibilities which should be categorized under the domestic work. It also defines the payment rates as well as the working conditions under which the domestic workers should be subjected and it a lso defines the working hours and the day offs.The contract also considers the domestic workers who are immigrants in the United States of America. (Nancy 1987) 5. Another measure which is being taken in order to rectify the situation off the domestic workers in America is the setting of the public awareness campaigns. These campaigns are found on the laws and regulations regarding the domestic workers in America. Through these campaigns the public is enlightened on the penalties which are entitled to the employers who exercise any kind of abuse to the domestic workers.On the other hand the campaigns pay a lot of attention to the issues of the racial and gender migrations and this is inclusive of the living and also the working conditions of the domestic workers. The domestic workers by means of the campaigns are enlightened on their rights and the rights of their employers. 6. Another important measure which is being taken in addressing the situation of the domestic workers in A merica is the publicizing of the complaint mechanisms and other hot line services which are accessible to the domestic workers.This would be very helpful especially for the domestic workers in America who have been experiencing all kinds of problems with their employers. Similarly this would provide a better coordination between the employers, the domestic workers and the labor inspectors as well as the immigration officers and the police. (Anderson and Bowman 1993) 7. On the other hand there is development of systematic mechanisms and also training for various labor agencies especially for the non governmental organizations in all the levels.This further ensures that all these parties have a very clear understanding of all the issues which are related to the needs and the rights of the domestic workers. Similarly they will be able to apply the suitable responses whenever the domestic workers are abuses in any way or when their rights are infringed by their employers. The trainings would help the participating parties to counsel, shelter or even refer the domestic workers for health care treatments. 8. There is also the provision of mechanisms for the domestic workers who are immigrants to the United States of America.These mechanisms call for justice if the immigrant domestic workers receive bad treatment from their employers. Similarly they ensure that the immigrant domestic workers are not exploited, cheated, persecuted and they also do not suffer from any form of abuse from their recruiters, employers and other concerned authorities. In such mechanisms there is a requirement for knowledgeable interpreters. 9. Another measure which is being taken in rectifying the situation of the domestic workers is the increase of the number of the labor inspectors in America.Their authority is also being revised so that they can be able to carry out investigations on the working conditions which apply to the informal work places such as the households. On the other hand such inspection is also undertaken on a regular basis in the households which the domestic workers work. (Chow 1994) 10. There is also the development of a positive public perception on the domestic workers especially those who have emigrated from other countries to the United States of America. This would allow the public to take account the value of the work which is done by the domestic workers in the rural area.This is creatively done through the countrys mass media especially in the soap operas whereby the domestic workers are dis dramatic evented as people who play a significant role in the American economy and the whole country at large. This has further helped in counteracting the image of the domestic workers and especially the women who have very low social economic status as well as those with low education levels. 11. In the United States of America there is a regularization process for the domestic workers who are immigrants and this only grants them the right to work. Thus these domestic workers can fit to other districts but only in the company of their employers. 12. There are measures which are looking into establishing some informal and also self help organizations for the domestic workers. This would give the domestic workers an opportunity to interact as well as share their personal experiences with the other domestic workers. 13. So as to improve the situation of the domestic workers in America the government has developed some programs for the immigrant workers and this is inclusive of a pre-departure orientation which is mandatary for the domestic worker and it looks into the heath issues.The issues of the domestic workers rights and responsibilities are also addressed in the orientation. The government acts to protect the human right of the immigrant and also the local domestic workers in America. There is also an establishment of some follow-up programs whereby the employees provide the necessary information on their rights over the d omestic workers under the labor laws. This would ensure that both the employees and the employers have a transparency which exists between them and thus any forms of abuses are highly avoided. (Nancy 1987) decisionIn the United States of America the domestic workers remain to be a very significant part of the countrys secondary labor markets. However there have been very major changes in the ethnicity and the geographical origins of the domestic workers in America. On the other hand the domestic workers have been experiencing some very harsh working conditions from their employees whereby their privacy is infringed upon as well as their rights as workers and human beings. However there are some measures which have been taken to address the situation of the domestic workers in America.These include the executing of the domestic workers bill of rights and other policies and programs which help in protecting the rights of the domestic workers in America. Reference Anderson, C. And Bo wman, M. (1993) The Vanishing handmaiden and the Contemporary Status System of the American South. American Journal of Sociology Chow, E. (1994) Asian American Women at Work, Survival, Resistance, and Coping. Women of colorise in U. S. Society. Philadelphia Temple University Press. Nancy F. (1987) Introduction, New Immigrants and Changing Patterns in New York City. The New Immigrants in New York (Ed. ) New York Columbia University Press.

Using Affirmative Action to Promote Womens Essay Example for Free

Using approving Action to Promote Womens EssayThe empowerment of persons who be vulnerable and excluded, promotion of social justice and equity are the main concerns of social policies, and this should transcend altogether aspects of society, including participation in governance and purpose making. Inspite of the pivotal role women in Ghana play indoors the family, they are invisibly represented in governance and decision making sector of the economy. This is because there is no concrete policy measures in place to ensure that the structural inequality between men and women are taken into account in promoting participation in policy decision. Efforts are being made at various levels to send the marginalization of women in Ghanas government activity and other spheres of life, but this lock up remains an area of concern. In a country where women constitute about 51 percent, their involvement in development issues and governmental leadership should be of grave concern, an d given due consideration. Affirmative action form _or_ system of government is therefore viewed as the appropriate instrument to enhance womens participation in governance and decision making in Ghana.This paper impart therefore review womens participation/empowerment in Ghana outline various commitments seeking to enhance womens participation in Ghana the Affirmative Action Policy and finally look at expected outcomes of the Affirmative Action Policy and how it will enhance womens participation in Ghana. WOMENS PARTICIPATION IN GHANA Although there is no law in Ghana that prevents women from participating in politics or in areas of Ghanas economic or social life, women are generally under-represented in politics and in public life. in that respect seems to be no long term strategic framework put in place to address this failure. This has been attributed to a lack of political will and a deficient commitment to gender equality among political parties. Gender advocates have asked that government and its agencies, political parties and relevant public and private institutions should take actions that ensure and enjoin their active commitment to improving the current situation of womens low representation in politics and public appointive positions at all levels.

SWOT Analysis Essay Example for Free

SWOT Analysis EssayThe capacity of the company mainly lay on its popularity and its wide range of ne dickensrk. Blockbuster had realized these strengths and has taken favor of them to the full extent. Advertising and in-house promotion gravel been performed quite successfully in maintaining the image and popularity of Blockbuster, particularly in the eyes of US consumers. Today, the company has also developed a popular nominal head on the cyberspace and it has help to append Blockbusters competitive advantage against its competitors (Lieberman, 2004). Blockbusters weaknesses include its eminent cost of operations and maintenance, limited stocks of popular movies and insensitiveness toward recent growings in the industry. Financially, the company necessarily to trim down operational costs of its stores, because it decreases operating profit into minimum profit or level(p) losses. Strategically, blockbuster needs to maintain aw areness of what competitors are doing and develop new programs to attract customers. Within the stagnant grocery, the company could non afford to miss-out on new development in video rental marketing and sales.Opportunities Opportunities for blockbuster amaze in several packages. The first is in foreign investments. The company which already has a significant presence and popularity in United States could easily gain market share in Europe or even developing countries that crave American products. A nonher opportunity is increasing customer service by recording customer preferences in corporate data. Threats One of the apparent problems in the video-rental industry is related to copyright issues and legal aspect of the business.Players within the industry are threatened by the presence of some(prenominal) illegal download centers on the profit. Sales have already been reported decreasing due to the prevalent of illegal downloading activities. On the other hand, video rentals have the obligation to pay legal fees for every title it possess which delay them from competing with the decreasing costs of downloading movies through the internet. II. Conclusions This paper has elaborated the implementation of Blockbuster Inc by using the environmental and SWOT analysis.From the financial perspectives, the company shows the declining performance due to cost of rental revenue was recorded to extend while sales were decreasing. The companies also experience the hardest force from industry that faces several technology alternatives for collide withing movies. The federal agency causes the company to experience declining revenue into $5. 7 billion in 2006. In call of sales, 2006 actually revealed a declining performance, but it is still much better compare to 2002. Vertical analysis on the other hand, draw a tendency of financial development.Blockbuster records more than $5 billion in 2006. In terms of sales, 2006 actually revealed a declining performance, but it is still much better compare to 2002 sales (Blockbuster Inc, 2006). The undulating Blockbuster performance has caused the undulating performance as well. Furthermore, from the environmental analysis, we find that movie rental industry has a stagnant market condition since the substitutes of products are vastly available from the video download via iPod and the free sample of video at www. youtube. com, for instances.Although the company faces threat for their future business, still, they have the strong brand when expanding into foreign market especially the Europe. III. Recommendations undermentioned professional guidance along with taking advantage of the internal and external analysis previously performed, we entrust then organize several of the foreseeable solutions and suggestions. These general suggestions to annex Blockbusters operational efficiency are ones that might already exist within the corporate strategy, but requires further attention and development Providing Employee with Access to Required Inform ation Employers always suggested that employees should do their best to satisfy customers and generate a rebuy or revisit. Ironically, some employers are doing this without equipping their employees with the proper tools to provide customers with satisfactory services. Those tools could be sufficient training, guidance in the workplace or access to sufficient information. Block buster should pay attention particularly to the latter(prenominal) tool. By developing a customer preference list, employees could help customer pick-out movies that they would like.This would not only increase customer retention but increase employee working satisfaction. Improve Employee Satisfaction and retention People that have the best knowledge on how to enhance the operational efficiency of a rental operation are the employees. Employers should spend time and effort ensuring that employees are performing their functions with sufficient motivation to recognize efficiency opportunities if they see one. Most workplaces are trapped with poor efficiency performance because they never let employees provide them with suggestions and insights. bring about Long-term Technology Plan.One of the recorded mistakes of Blockbuster is not to create their presence in the internet when they should have. An untimely entrance to an extremely competitive market could well mean no entrance at all. To prevent similar occurrences, Blockbuster should develop a long term technology plans where managers of the company formulate long term objectives of the company and then revise a technological plan based on the formulated goals. Reducing Rental Centers For a more radical solution, the company could simply reduce the sum up of retail locations to reduce operational cost.Instead of building and maintaining stores every 5 blocks, the company could other than increase the technology investments in remaining stores and provide customers with state of the art customer services. Rent-out Spaces Furthermore, in locations which are not contributing sufficient profit, Blockbuster could rent the space for external businesses. This has been a normal practice for many gas stations or other business settings when they have unproductive space within their facilities. otherwise opportunities could be gained from partnering with other video-rent retailers.Partnering with other Retailers Instead of building new stores and increasing operational costs, Blockbuster could otherwise try to create alliances with other existing resources retailers. An example of those retailers could be the grocery chains. Blockbuster could sign a leasing agreement with the grocery store and perform operations within the grocery store. There are two main advantages of this plan, first, Blockbuster will only need to pay for the lease instead of building and maintaining other building, and second, Blockbuster could benefit from gaining access to customers of the grocery store.If the first implementation of this strate gy is successful, Blockbuster should begin to visit the benefits of moving all of Blockbusters retail locations into grocery stores.Bibliography About Blockbuster. com. 2006. 08 Mar. 2006 http//www. blockbuster. com BBI Profile for BLOCKBUSTER INC. 2006. Retrived February 20, 2008 from http//www. finance. yahoo. com/q/pr? s=BBI Blockbuster Inc Investor Relations Various Press Releases 2005-2006 http//www. blockbuster. com Brem, Lisa and Narayanan, V. G.2002 Thats a Wrap The Dynamics of the exposure Rental Industry Harvard Business School Case 9-102-051. Lieberman, David. 2004. Blockbuster jabs back at rivals. USA Today. tape Rental. 2004. Encyclopedia of American Industries. U of Florida Business Lib. , Gainesville, 20 July 2004 http//www. galenet. galegroup. com/servlet/BCRC. Wagner, Holly J. 2003 a breakout year for previously viewed nip previously viewed retailers. Business Company Resource Center (2004). U of Florida Business Lib. , Gainesville, 20 July 2004 http//galene t. galegroup. com/servlet/BCRC.

Duality in Frankenstein Essay Example for Free

Duality in Frankenstein Essay maestro and the hulk have a special relation that goes beyond any know up to date. Not even Henry Clerval has this relation with Victor the ogre is the fulfilment of Victor and valetudinarianism versa, Victor hides from society whilst the monster aches for society, Victor does not appreciate the surroundings and nature, the monster lives for it.The monster is what Victor fails to be, for example at the beginning of his life the monster is nave and a believer in engender Nature and some superior being, whilst Victor believes he is God by creating life, he is really intellectual and plays tricks on people and he only believes in himself. The fact is that whatever the monster has, Victor is abstracted for example, and the monster has love for everyone and is not prejudiced, Victor only love himself as he makes it clear during the unused and maybe he appreciates Clerval but only because Henry is what he wanted to be in the future. likewise and m ost importantly Victor has something the monster allow never have, a name, and not only a simple name he has a very well known and prosper name, the monster will never be known and disappear in oblivion, whilst the Frankenstein name will perjure forever, like he says in the begging of the novel, I was willing to achieve the fame.Another thing which marks the duality by these two characters is the social life they both have, most importantly Victor is always sad and apart(predicate) from this, he lacks any feeling, whilst the monster living in a shed discovers that happiness can be achieved anywhere and is himself joyful even though he chit-chat other people being happy, the monster discovers love, Victor discover admiration, the monster learns how to appreciate what he has and what nature gives him, and Victor is not happy with what he has nor with what the nature gives him, he is so unconformity that he has to create his own being and alter nature. Most importantly the monster seeks social adaptation and love whilst Victor hides from people and love, he is repulsed by the idea that he has to marry Elizabeth and he does not have other friend than Henry.Another different thing by both these characters is their love for Elizabeth, the monster demonstrates that he loves her by her aspect, her eyes her mouth she is so perfect that the monster needs her for himself and Victor loves her because he admires her but nothing else so if you compare these two feelings you will see that the complete each other and they in conjunction create love and admiration.The emotions that Victor lacks are very powerful in the monster until the moment of his departure form the DeLacy house. Until that moment the monster does not go out his full repulsion and believes in the dependableness of mankind, Victor hates mankind and Im sure that he would love to be the only man in the world and depend only on himself. And the monster is so solid in attitude and feelings and so loving i n his interior that we feel so bad for him and so hating for victor that we cant stand it we have to hate victor because these two characters are like the Jing and jang, the good and the bad which cannot exist with some bad in them, the monster is loving but kills and Victor plays to be good and is unsocial but loved Henry, Elizabeth and his dainty brother.In conclusion the monster fulfils Victor emotionally and social and most importantly with his will of survival whilst Victor fulfils the monster with that basic needs of small quantities of hate, disrespect and will to be above the others.

Marcel Duchamps and Andy Warhol Essay Example for Free

Marcel Duchamps and Andy Warhol Essay

Investment and Japan Essay Example for Free

investment and Japan Essay1. Why, historically, has the level of FDI in Japan been so low? 2. What are the potential benefits to the Nipponese economy of greater FDI? 3. How did the entry if Walmart into the Japanese retail sector benefit that sector? Who lost as a result of Walmarts entry? 4. Why has it been so hard for Walmart to make a receipts in Japan? What might the company have done differently?Japan, an island nation on the peace-loving ocean, has none of the natural advantages that have facilitated cross-border trade and investment in other parts of the world. Also, Japan was badly defeated in World War II and occupied by Allied forces at the hold back of the war. Japan was totally closed to foreign investment during that period. The Japanese government sets up important barriers to press the foreign direct investment into Japan to develop the country by avoiding other countries financial shocks. Additional, the elevated rental and labor cost impact the Foreign Direct Investment level too. Japan as a host country, a greater FDI can result from the resource-transfer effect, employment effects, balance-of-payments effects on opposition and economic growth. Walmart entered the Japanese market by purchasing large stakes in similar retailer Seiyu.Walmart helped Seiyu reorganized the structure, implemented point-of -sale and SMART inventory tracking systems, supply-chain and distribution management systems,etc. Walmart gave a free American strategy lesson to the Japanese retail industry. Walmart also increased the the level of competition in Japan, it resulted in stimulant the developing retail industry and lowering the price of products to improve economic growth in Japan. notwithstanding Walmart as a foreign investor in Japan did not make profits from 2000-2010. During the years of losings in Japan, Walmart still believed the American style retail store can grow anywhere in the world. They have made similar mistakes just like in Germany.Walm art failed to grasp the fact that the consumer and retail environs in Japan has a different culture. In Japan, people puts loyalty on a highest value. Its difficult to pursue the consumers from local 7-eleven to foreign Walmart. Every day lower price strategy is not enough power to change Japanese consumers buyingbehavior. Japanese consumers tendency to buy smaller quantities and sound packaging or appearance of goods. The quality of product also play a huge case in their purchasing decisions. For Walmart, better understanding of Japans culture and improving relationship with supplier may help them move forward to success in Japan.

Engineering Is a Very Important Part of Our Society Essay Example for Free

Engineering Is a Very master(prenominal) Part of Our Society EssayEngineering is a very important part of our society, both direct and in the past. It is a major(ip) that opens a wide variety of move opportunities for you afterwards college. Engineering is what stops our farming moving and up to date with technology. It is a very strong appealing major in college repayable to the amount of average income, and also it appeals to many individuals likes in a career. It has the highest paying income straight out of college, and that subjoin in pay usu completelyy does non stop, it just keeps increasing. Another appealing aspect of a career in engineering is the possibility to work for a foreign company, and no matter where you live in the United States, your income never decreases due to the other local income. It is a rewarding career, both financially and mentally. This is whiz of those careers that you feel a great deal of self-worth after completing an assignment, or cr eating something new and improved to keep up with technology. It is a major that requires more time and effort than most other majors. You need to turn in yourself or you will just fall behind and most likely just drop the major all together.Whether you choose general engineering or a more difficult division such as mechanical or To become a successful engineer is to en true a positioning in our future. Almost every type of engineering will be required to run our world, right away and in years from now. Engineering is very important aspect of our working world. It keeps us going and up to date with technology. Without engineers, in that respect would be no moving parts, which means no cars, planes, video games and anything else you can imagine of that requires moving parts to operate. Over all engineering is concerned with technology and keeping the world going.In the future, near or far, engineering most definitely has its place in our world. If the future holds a few big tec hnological advances or a lot, engineers will still be there making sure everything runs smooth and properly. A world without engineers could only exist if everything made, was made to perfection and would never fail or break down. For now, we need to keep putting out successful engineers into our working world, and make sure that there is a future. l or aerospace, your major is the most difficult one you can choose.I tardily interviewed Jack Byrd, an engineering professor at West Virginia University, on Mechanical Engineering. The interview detailed the magnificence of engineering and the process he went through to be where he is today. This interview would be an insight to anyone who has the slightest enkindle in engineering or becoming an engineer and what it takes to become a successful engineer. After college is where your procreation really takes its part in your life. Even though your schooling is over, it plays one of the biggest roles in all your opportunities after you graduate.Once you get your resume around, you have many possibilities and opportunities ahead of you to choose The world is changing rapidly. From the orchestra pit Age to the Iron Age today we are living in an ultramodern era where things which were not even thought of earlier have become vital necessities in our life. For example, light in those ages was to be got only from sun for a limited part of day. But now we have electricity for all time use. Thanks to Thomas Alva Edison who by inventing electricity illuminated the whole world.

Local Labour In The Construction Industry

Local parturiency In The bend assiduityChapter 11.0 IntroductionMalaysia is now experiencing a refreshing era of prosperity. The political relation invented and implemented a series of five year development plans and laid the foundation for the development in the solid ground. Since the 60s, Malaysias parsimoniousness grew rapidly and some(prenominal) cheats were occasiond in the face persistence. In the early of 90s, Malaysia is facing get of parturiency and there was a deficit of wear upon in the manufacturing industries. The labor movement shortage then expanded to the facial expression exertion.The economic growth in the past two decade has guide to a lofty standard of living which in addition contri furthered to the local anesthetics remonstrance to the 3D (dirty, demean valueing and grievous) sectors, which were eventu excepty filled up by un complete outside(prenominal) p determinations. Malaysia is alike human action on contrary spurters, curiously in our services sedulousness or 3D industry.This doesnt contri ande much to our parsimoniousness as most of the income aimd by these crapers argon channelled back to their home countries but non use in Malaysia. This also mean there argon high cash outflow.The government postulate hostile workers as a chinchy source of repel that could enhance the countrys export competitiveness had been load-bearing(a) the deployment of contrasted dig up in the 1990s.Prof Datuk Dr Mohamed Ariff of the Malaysian Institute of Economic Research believes that if Malaysia had non every(prenominal)owed the enormous influx of conflicting workers, local manufacturers would get down been forced to innovate and automate to boost productivity to mention their competitiveness. (Kok, 2011)The governments effort in reducing the countrys dependence on low- masterly abroad workers has been ongoing, as evidenced in the tardy reduction in the number of registered foreign workers ove r the last two years. The bum is to geld the number of foreign workers to 1.5 million by 2015.Many economists feel that what Malaysia call for is skilled or highly skilled workers, not cheap, amateur foreign workers. (Alan Ting, 2008)1.1 Problem StatementMany foreign workers site nowadays acquire to a greater extent and more(prenominal), as they have a big group, they starting to cause a mass of line, especially mixer and security problems. Recently from The Star News (20th June 2007), happened that a group of foreigner involved in fights, widespread break-ins and drug pushing have become a common sight at Klang. check to Ahmad, 1996. To avoid these problem happened, Contractor should take over local workers, but local workers argon not kindle to undertake the social organization works. Contractors argue that they no enormouser could find local workers giveing to work in twist industry because the salaries argon low. Besides, braid industry is absorbed by local as 3 Ds job which mean Dirty, Dangerous and Difficult job.Local youth nowadays has slight(prenominal) interest to work in the twirl industry. This bum make a motion the speed of development in construction industry. The indicate that local custody is not interested on this sector is they think that the job is dirty, dangerous and difficult to face. on that pointfore it outlets the industry atomic number 18 forced to postulate foreign workers to keep the industry develop. (Shiadri Binti Saleh, 2008)Secondly, the group of foreign workers hired by the industry basically fumbling, so contractor or his assistant need to tutor and advice the foreign workers while constructing building.(P. Larcher, 2001)Besides, the unskilled and problematic workers forget not only cause delay in project completion but also cause s bumt(p) whole step of works which is not meeting the industrys skill standard. (Bachan Singh, 2011)Nowadays, construction companies argon l light uping to pay low pay off often results in lamentable workmanship, which set up both the woodland of the products being produced, as well as the communitys overall reputation. low gear-cost labour can translate into unskilled labour, and in order to remain competitive in todays global market, companies must keep pace with the more or less-the-clock advances in technology. (Amber Keefer, 2012)Poor workmanship of foreign labour can cause defects. According to Kurt Arnold, defects are from ridiculous workmanship devalue property and can lead to additional damage to structures and materials. Poor workmanship is ofttimes the root cause of construction defects. Even eccentric building products, if installed or used incorrectly, it may cheat on to effectively serve their intended purposes or last as long as they are designed to last.Due to Local young have less interest on construction industry, CIDB is working substantial to attract more local skilled workers. The implementation of accredit skilled workers system was to maintain a high standard workforce. These workers will get higher salaries than normal labourers.1.3 AimTo study the factor that led to the pathetic participation of local labour in the construction industry.1.4 ObjectivesTo identify the advantage and disadvantage of poor participation of local labour in the construction industry.To determine the factors that led to the poor participation of local labour in the construction industry.To find out the strategies to improve the participation of local labour in the construction industry.1.5 S deal of StudyFirstly, the questionnaire will be set out with astir(predicate) 30 questions and target to send out 100 sets.Then, the respondents that I am aiming is Contractor of Malaysia. To get a contractor which is easier to look up and can give more information, it would be Class A contractors . Class A contractors are elect because the job scope of them are precise wide (such as largely on root word) and the worker o r labour require by them are a lot. So we can get information about what kind of labour he is using( local or foreign) and the reason they choose the type of workers.I will find contractor class A at KL area, because mostly the infrastructure project will be having there. such as MRT project. Kuala Lumpur is a high developing area. So, there are much more infrastructure need to be completed by contractor class A.After collecting the selective information, then data will be analyzed by using statistical method to ease us par and conclude the result. Finally, conclusion and recommendation can be make from the overall data collected and questionnaire.1.6 The methodology flow chartSelected Topic of StudyStatement of ProblemsDetermine the Critical FactorsDetermine the Advantage and loss of Local brayConclusion Recommendation / suggestionData AnalysisQuestionnaireDetermine the strategy of advantageData CollectionLiterature Re bewitchDefine Objectives1.7 Significant of StudyThe stud y of the topic is generally to identify the factor that lead to poor participation of local worker in construction industry, add up by the causes and the solution to attract more local people to the construction industry.This is great because factor can tell us that the problem and why the young today are not interested on construction industry. Next, we can know causes of the lack of participation of local people in construction industry. Such as, it can cause the industry over depending on foreign worker. Thus over hire foreign worker can cause a lot of thing to happen, such as, heathen pollution, social problem and even outflow of Malaysias money. After all of these are identified, then we can find some solutions to stay or get down happening of these.Besides, from this study, it enable me to learn more about device industry of Malaysia and the important of the support from local workforce.CHAPTER 22.1 IntroductionIn this chapter, we are discussing factors of puzzle out t he local labour less interested to work in construction industry. The thing to be discuss is related to delineation of a person, economy of country , outsourcing of labour through sub-contractor system, lack of cultivation and skill formation, large number of foreign workers, poor site accommodations and services and change in upbringing.2.1.1 Skilled LabourAccording to Investopedia, skilled labour is defined as a segment of the workforce with a high skill level that creates solid economic value through the work performed (humad capital). Skilled labour is generally characterised by high program line or expertise levels and high wages. Skilled labour involves complicated tasks that require specific skill sets, education, reproduction and experience, and may involve abstract thinking.2.1.2 Semi-Skilled Labour base on the expla pastoral area from World English Dictionary, it says that semi-skilled labour is party skilled or machinateed but not sufficiently to perform specializ ed work. Semi-skilled worker need some skills to do work but does not require doing the complex work.2.1.3 Unskilled LabourInvestopedia explained that a segment of the work force associated with a low skill level or a limited economic value for the work performed (human capital). Unskilled labour is generally characterised by low education levels and low wages. Work that requires no specific education or experience is often available to workers who let on into the unskilled labour.2.2 Construction in the Eyes of Local Workforce.Evidence from different place of the world place that construction workers do not view thier workplace in a very favorable light. Construction is viewed by almost everywhere as a low status job. In many another(prenominal) countries, either rich or poor, people work in construction out of necessity and not out of choice. Almost universally they wish for better things for their next generation. (ILO,2001)In construction industry, a lot of workers with diff erent level such as skilled labour, semi-skilled and unskilled labour. But most of the people view construction industry as dirty job as well as dangerous jobs. rough even said the construction industry is unattractive job. (Nazib Faizal, 2012)In Malaysia, young workforce would rather fired than work in the construction industry. Official estimates put foreign labours at 80% of the entire construction workforce in 1992 (Abdul Aziz, 2001)2.3 The Factors of Local Workforce Less Interested in Construction2.3.1 Poor run across in the Eyes of WorkforceLocal young generation workforce has a poor view to construction industry. They just thought that the nature of work of construction is dirty, difficult and dangerous. But the real reason why construction work is so poorly regarded has much more to do with the term on which labour is recruited than the nature itself. For many construction workers slightly the world the term of employment have eternally been poor (ILO,2001)In Malaysia, accidents on construction sites always happened. Such as, sometimes we can hear or saw the news about site accident due to nature disaster(soil erosion) that caused workers seriously injured or even dead.Accidents on Construction sites are too common that everyone has come to accept them as an necessary characteristic of the industry. This spotlight is attribute to the casual terms of employment, the commitment of il good foreign workers and the non-coverage of workers under nation policy scheme (Abdul Aziz,1995)Next, reason of Malaysian are not willing to take up this job because it is danger to personal safety by construction work. Statistics from the social Security Organisation (SOCSO) showed that on the average, 5,000 accidents occurred in construction sites annually amidst 2000 and 2004. This figure stands about 5% to 6.5% of the total number of accident inform over the period. An average of 80 workers was killed in such accidents (Fong Chan Onn, 2006)Based on the inspect ion which conducted by division of Safety and Health (DOSH), they found out that the major factor of accidents happened at site is contributed by lack of awareness on safety and health. They rate the safety and health of the construction site is not save the satisfaction. Besides, often, workers are not comply with the rules and regulations of safety and health at the sites. This can cause much more serious injury or even depth happen.During accidents happen at the construction site, the workers are not only the one who injured, but also may cause injured or death to the public. So, all of these accidents had spoiled the image of construction industry.2.3.2 Lack of Training and Skill FormationIn construction industry, young, ameliorate and experience workers are hard to find. This is because nowadays, young workforce has less experience and low skill. This is contributed by when they are in college or university, school provide less practical to them instead of theory. Even thoug h students are provide to industrial training, but they cannot learn so much due to few reasons. Firstly, industrial training period is too short which they cannot manage to learn everything. Secondly is, the senior are unable to satiate trainees work as they are inexperience. Seniors worry that trainees work, so they do not dare to give plodding duty to trainee. Thirdly, Senior workers are too busy with their work which caused they have no time to teach the trainee. All of these are contribute to poor skill of young generation.In Malaysia, the problem that often spy is the passing of skills through informal apprenticeship is often kept within family, clan or tribe and when circumstances dictate that skills should be transferred to outsiders they may be some dilution, with not all skilled passed on (Abdul Aziz,2001)For Malaysian, they always change company when they are offered with higher salary. So, the company has to hire new workers and re-train them. Training workers are very costly and time consuming. So when contractor is bidding for a project, he might raise the determine of their bids which could make the contractor unable to compete with others.2.3.3 Unattractive JobsThe other reason of local young workforces are not attracted by this job is because there are already a lot of foreign workers doing this job. The image of this job is already spoiled by the foreign because foreigners are normally with low skills and poor educational background. So, local young workforce might think that they were hired as unskilled and low education, therefore, they do not want to be look down by other friends and parents. This caused the local refused to join construction industry. As the result, construction industry need to hire more foreign workers to keep moving forward.In Malaysia, official estimates put foreign labours at 80% of entire construction workforce in 1992 (Abdul Aziz,2001)This situation again will cause the entire construction industry lack of local workers.2.3.4 Poor point Accommodations and ServicesIn Malaysias construction industry, contractor has a common practice which is providing temporary accommodation on the site for workers to stay. The temporary accommodation is usually made up from timber and zinc. This type of accommodation was less conducive to most of the Malaysian Workers. This is also one of the reason why Malaysian workers are shying remote from the construction sector and consider employment in the construction sector as not ennoble enough (CIDB News, 2009)Besides, the services and facilities at sites provided by some contractors are not unplayful enough.2.3.5 Low compensationIn Malaysia, the salary for site labour are consider low. Because in construction industry, they hired too many foreign workers which is pay in very low rate. But Local workforce are requesting higher salary. In this case, contractor would rather hire foreign workers as they accept low salary.As for the demand in high salary, local workers were lured overseas country such as Singapore, Taiwan and Japan. There is where they were paid a much more higher salary based on their skills. This is the reason of our construction industry relied on foreign work force.2.3.5.1 Factors Influenced The Labour Salary(1) LocationLocation can influence the salary of labour. For the place such as city area that has more projects especially infrastructure project, the need of labour are higher compared to rural area which have less project. Since the city area has higher living standard, the amount of money used per day also high. So for the city labour, local workforce cannot accept such low salary offered in construction industry in city area. Unlike, rural area labour can accept low salary, because their living standard are start which do not need high salary.(2) Competition among the contractorsContractors receive a project by tendering, to win a tender, their tender pricing must more reasonable low. Normally, Client would l ike to have a lower cost project. So, for the contractor to able to compete with others, they will firstly lower their construction cost by reducing labours salary.(3) Risky ProjectFor every project, there is risk in between. For larger project or higher building, the risk will be higher since it face to more technical machinery and higher history level when workers are doing their work. Such as higher building need higher scaffolding, therefore it is more dangerous when it goes higher. So to prevent contractor from losing more money from accident, contractor therefore buy insurance to cover the workers.Beside, contractor need high skilled workers to handle a much more dangerous situation. High skilled workers are much more expensive compared to unskilled or semi skilled workers. All of these are affecting the cost of labour and cost of construction.(4) Labours MarketFor most of the local labour cannot fulfill domestic demands such as the working duration, not durable under sunligh t, and stamina is not that good. Thus government allow foreign labour to be imported to fulfill the demand of constrcution industry. This is because foreign labour such as Indonesian, they are more durable under the sun and have good stamina and importantly they can accept low wages. In this situation, foreign labour wage is much lower than the local labours, thus many contractor take foreign worker to strangle their wages expenses.2.4 Advantages and Disadvantages of Poor Participation of Local Labour2.4.1 Advantages of Poor Participation of Local LabourIn modern years, there has been a big problem that the foreign workers have caused economic problems in Malaysia. However, it is not to slump the positive impacts of foreign labour on economic issues. Assuming that there are many problems the evidences, (Chan Moha, 1998) indicated that there are also direct and positive impacts of the foreign workers.The foreign workers have benefited in the income development. unconnected worke rs were vastly beneficial to the economy. This shows the positive quantitative contribution of foreign workers to Malaysians economic growth. The implications of foreign workers on the Malaysian economy have been immense especially since the late 1980s (Zehadul et al, 1999)Wage structure is one of the significant role in maintaining lower wage levels. This also indicated Sidney (1996), foreign labour offer an endless stream of cheap labour that can keep wages low and growth high.Generally speaking, foreign workers contribute to the economy by supplying a cheaper labour force. As a matter of fact, foreign workers usually receive a lower salary than local workers and the difference can help to maintain the decrease in production cost.As stated by Oleg (2002) that the attracting cheap workforce means cutting production costs, consequently the production cost for construction development is kept low which is an advantage in the foreign workers.Malaysia, which have seriously shortages of workforce in construction industry, by importation of foreign workers could minimize the workforce shortage problem. The supply of this additional labour force fulfilled the urgent demand for labour which could not be met so quickly and at a cheaper rateHere, importantly the foreign workers accepted those jobs which are jilted by the local workers especially the construction jobs that known as 3Ds job. Moreover, if we assume that the foreign workers are every bit productive as the local workers, one can safely say that foreign workers make crystalize positive contributions.It has already been brought to our notice that the value added of dollar spent on labour in Malaysia is around 5 times in the manufacturing sector (Ghosh, 1998). If this is true, then there are sufficient positive value-added effects of foreign workers in the Malaysia economy.2.4.2 Disadvantages of Poor Participation of Local Labour2.4.2.1 Hiring Foreign Labour in Construction Industry and The ImpactsPoor par ticipation of local labour can caused the contractor is being forced to hire foreign labour. Generally, local people tend to feel that foreign workers are contributing problems in the country and economy.Malaysia Construction industry firms were experiencing various problems due to foreign labour. Recently, the problem of foreign labour in construction industry is as followa) Cultural PollutionMost foreign workers are peaceful. They want to earn money to send homeland for their family. In most cases, concern over foreign labour is conjugate to anxieties over what some have characterised as cultural pollution and over foreignisation (Weiner, 1990).They may change the cultural and social orders of the normal practice of the locals in construction industry.b) Social ProblemLegal and illegal foreign labour also contribute to many social problems and make the impacts on the locals. They create many social problems like spread of diseases, theft, robbery, cheating, killings, illegal sett lement and so on. They form syndicates. If there are no syndicates, legal and illegal immigrants cannot arrive in Malaysia.According to Tey (1997), as shown by unpublised police records at the police home plate in Bukit Aman, between 1985 and 1991, foreign labour accounted for between 14.7% and 18.2% of all murders commited in the country. The figure for gang roberry was between 32.7% to 48.2%.c) Economic IssuesThe foreign workers have an impact on the wage structure, labour market, competition with locals. Another perceive bad impact is the high remittances sent out by foreign workers to their home countries.Foreign workers also thought to be responsible for the higher rate of inflation because of their increased demand. They enjoy public goods without nonrecreational taxes and user fees. As such they become free-riders in the Malaysia economy. They are ensured health and other facilities with free.However it cannot be rejected that the use of temporary foreign labour enables th e rapidly growing economics and societies to fulfill hands needs in dead-end, low status, low wage sectors of the economy such as construction sectors (Zehadulet al, 1999).d) Low Wages for Local Workers and Taking jobs away from LocalsWomens Workers Association President Silam Hassan (2004) Claimed the problem of foreign workers stemmed from the Governments devote policy which drew large numbers of outsiders to the extent that local workers had compete with them for jobs. As a result of the inflow of foreign workers in the construction industry, the wage rate for local workers has gone down simultaneously.Because of poor participation of local workers, the foreign workers are slowly taking over the work from locals. In construction industry, the foreign worker going into sub-contracting work, where there is a lot of money to be made. Besides, the presence of illegals create problems also since illegals are not limitted by rules and regulations and are free to infiltrate into any j obs so long as the employers are willing to accept them.e) Foreign Labour Caused Works DelayConstruction industry is labour intensive industry, but due to poor participation of local labours, construction industry is depending on large number of foreign labour. According to Economic Report 2003/2004, The new Immigration Act 1995/63 (Amendment 2002), which came into effect on 1st August 2002, about 318,300 illegal immigrants were deported in 2002. This has caused construction activities in all stages to slow down. Consequently, there was a labour crunch that cause costly work delays.In a move intended to reduce dependence on foreign labour and increase employment opportunities for locals, the government has shortened the validity period of work permits to 3 years. The policy change will seriously affect human resource planning in construction industry and caused delay of works.f) Low Productivity and quality due time consuming to train new workersIn the reduction of the duration of w ork permits for foreign workers from 6 or 7 years to only 3 years had caused deterioration in the poor quality of workmanship and low productivity. This is because foreign labours that had 3 years experience may be replaced by those do have prior construction experience, thus resulting in low productivity and poor quality of work and time consuming on teaching the inexperience labours. Some of them were not able to cope with new experience of working on large-scale projects. Abdul Rahim (2009) also mentioned that the lack of quality foreign labour that have been hired is one of the main problems in construction industry.The companies that lose workers will need to hire new ones, who are likely to be unskilled and inexperienced. That means the employers have to spend time and resources to train these new workers. As indicated in Master Builder (Abdul Rahim, 2009), upon commencement, the foreign labour would require another 2. to 3 months to go through an orientation or learning curv e period before they become productive.Furthermore, on-the-job training will take around seven to eight months then only the foreign workers will begin to contribute to company. To some extent, the training was difficult, as most foreign labour were paid day-by-day wages and were reluctant to undergo training due to loss pay.g) Heavy Expenses in the Recruitment surgical operation and Long Permit Processing TimesMalaysia introduced harsh new immigration rights, thus the construction industry is suffering from an acute shortage of foreign workers throughout the nation. As a result, this has caused construction industry activities to be delayed albeit contractors trying to outflank of their endeavours to recruit new workforce. The central problem now appears to be the long butt oning time taken by the authorities to grant the foreign work permit (Abdul Rahim, 2009) Contractors securing new jobs have problems mobilizing new workers on time, due to this long work permit or recruitme nt process.Based on Abdul Rahman, (2009) he also mentioned that base on current experience, it takes about 2-3 months on a best case scenario to go through the entire administrative process, commencing from obtaining a work permit from the ministry of Home personal matters to the foreign workers gaining physical entry into Malaysia to work.Thus, it is not cost effective to send foreign workers home afterward the permit period (3 years) because of heavy expenses in the recruitment process. Meanwhile, the process to bring in foreign workers is dense and time consuming. Besides, a lot of cost is involved in medical examinations, transportation and levies. Therefore, there is gouge in the system for employers to employ illegal foreign labour and to dodge the levies and charges which are incurred on the employment of legal foreign labour.2.5 Strategies to improve the participation of local labour in the construction industry.2.5.1 Cut Foreign Labour via Minimum Wage SystemRecently, t here was no national minimum wage law applicable to the Malaysia in construction industry. Basic wage rates vary according to location and vay from company to company (MIDA,2009). The government should implement the minimum wage scheme in all job sectors to reduce the intake foreign workers and so that it can attract local labour with the standard wages.The scheme has to be enforced as the increasing the number of foreign workers in the country was only benefiting the employers and agencies that brought the workers in. The employers who took the workers in. The employers who took the workers in were only interested in cheap labour. This phenomenon was expected since the employers were more inclined to hire foreign workers who were prepared to accept low wages. But with the implement of the minimum wage scheme, contractors might have no choice but to employ local labour. Besides, with the wage control system, the local labour will accpet the wage rate. Furthermore, the quality of wor k will improve since local labour were mostly graduate with at least diploma level.2.5.2 change Building Systems (IBS)The government encouragement to all employers to mechanise and move into less labour intensive process has not achieved the desired result. On the contrary, the demand for the foreign labour is increasing by the day. (Rydgren, 2004)The majority of foreign labour brought into the construction industry were wet trade labour involved in concrete, brick, and wood works. To reduce construction industry dependence on such foreign labour, we must change the way we work by reducing wet trade in the construction process. This could be achieved through implementation of the alter Building Systems (IBS) Roadmap 2003-2010.By combining IBS with modern management technologies, the local skilled workers would fill the vacancies. They should adapt high technology to lessen the dependence on foreign manpower. CIDB would give free training to locals so that they can replace the fore ign manpower and help the construction sector move towards using new technologies. The IBS Roadmap promises to reduce the number of workers at construction sites, usage of material and wastage.Conventional technology that is being used needs a lot of manpower, causing us to be dependent on foreign workers who are mostly unskilled. As a result, not only is the quality of workmanship being compromised but we also lose out in terms of money flowing out the country. With the IBS, wet trade workers can be reduced and construction world is now beginning to recognise the reduced and construction works focussed on the use of the mechanisation and prefabrication.Besides, the construction world is now beginning to recognise the advantages to be gained by integrating fabricated steel and precast concrete with site cast concrete, much less labour is required on building sites. This result in the hidden cost of moving labour around tall or large buildings being lower (Peter, 2004).The Government even stopped offering incentives to labor-intensive firms, tuning its attention instead to developing of strategic high technology industries (Rajah, 2001)2.6 Summary2.1.1 Skilled LabourHigh skill level , high perfomance, high education, expertise, experienced and high wages2.1.2 Semi-skilled labour partly skilled or trained, not sufficient to perform specialised work.Do not in